Art+&+Architecture+2

**ROMAN ART & ARCHITECTURE** Courtney's Work Cited:

How it all began:
In around 700 BC the Etruscans brought some West Asian ideas of architecture to the Romans. Today, there's not much of the Etruscans architecture left other than their underground tombs and maybe some of the remains of temples. They started to build and create temples and basilicas. But over the years found a way to improve by putting in aqueducts (as you see in the picture up above) and sewer drains. Finally, it was all coming into play. Even outside of Rome people started beginning to build theaters and places where the gladiator games could be held. Augusts, the first Roman emperor also took part in the change of Rome. He created a lot of marble and brick buildings. Also, Nero, the great-great-grandson of Augusts took great part in Rome by building what was called the "Golden House". Sad enough, later on the "Golden House" was torn down and now stands today the Colosseum.

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**The Aqueducts **

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**The Colosseum ** media type="youtube" key="GITdfNcxOeA" height="390" width="480" align="left"

The Colosseum, known as the most impressive building in the Roman empire. It has nearly 80 entrances for up to 55,000 people!

It contains four storeys above the ground. The higher up is where the women and the lower class sat. Which means, the lower levels sat the higher class more dominate people. Also, below ground level is where they have the rooms that keep the mechanical devices and the wild animals in their cages. When the animals were ready to be used, they would lift the cages from underneath into the middle of the arena.

Another interesting fact about the Colosseum is that it's covered by a huge awning, also known as Velarium. This awning was on at all times and its purpose was to keep the sun away from the spectators.



Emperors used The Colosseum to entertain the public. The colosseum would be occupied for the whole day. Sometimes even continuous days. The days would start off with shows from animals and hilarious acts and would end in death. The Colosseum is where the gladiators fought their battles against other gladiators and if not other gladiators then animals that had been starved for days so they kill in a matter of seconds. I would imagine going into the Colosseum was never a good feeling for a﻿nybody.

**The Roman Baths**



The baths were a place to relax. This was typically a daily routine of the Romans. It consisted of people in every class: men, women, poor, wealthy, it didn't matter.Today we would compare these baths to a gym or a YMCA. Within the baths there were many different rooms. The first room, the Unctuarium, was where they started you off. You would get oil rubbed on your skin and then go to the exercise yard. The next room, the Tepidarium, was their warming/social room. Much similar to a sonia was the next room, the Caldarium,this was where they sat in the heat scraping their skin to get all the dry skin and such off. Last but not least, was a quick dip in the calidarium (hot bath) and finally to finish it off, a quick dip in the frigidarium (cold bath). After following that routine, you might then have a massage where you got oils/lotions rub into your skin. //Diocletian and Caracalla// are the most well preserved public baths in all of Rome. Believe it or not, the baths started off rather small. They were heated by hypocaust heating. This was an underground heating system built in a room right below the baths so that the hot air could rise and heat the water. The baths of Rome are basically a park of today.

**Theatres **

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">The first Roman theatre was known to be built by Pompey in 55 BC. It was built of stone and was said to fit about 27,000 people. It was much similar to the Greek theatres, especially with the designs/patterns. The area down front near the stage is where the chorus/orchestra stood because typically plays lacked the chorus. Male slaves where the only people allowed to perform in these plays. Men would play women and if one person had to play two parts, then so be it. The only plays that women were actually allowed to perform in were mimes and pantomimes. (Pantomimes were much like a ballet. Singing, dancing, miming, and some musicians were the performers.) Which at first was alright with them because they were more popular than normal plays. But as the years went on that became a downfall. To the Romans detail was **very** important. The most important part of a performers costume was their mask. And the next most important was their wigs. Having the most decorative mask was the way that some actors won the audience. The way that you could decipher young from old, rich from poor, was by what they were wearing. An example, for wigs: grey - old men, black - young men, and red - slaves. Clothing was also deciphered by color. Older men wore white and younger men wore brighter colors. The Romans were also known for their violence. The Roman's loved gory activity. If an actor was said to be killed in their play, right before the killing scene they would switch out the actors so that somebody else (a slave) would be killed instead.

=<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">The Art Of Rome: =

<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">﻿Roman Art, like many other things, was heavily based on the work of the Greeks. Before Roman art really took off, they copied the art forms of the Etruscans. Rome was even inspired by Egypt. The main categorys of Roman art are considered to be painting, sculpture and mosaics.

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=<span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">﻿Sculptures Of Rome: = <span style="font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace;">Like its other forms of art, sculpture was heavily influenced by the Greeks. They even made copies of Greek Statues. Some of the known Greek sculpture art that we have today are actually Roman copies. Like the Greeks, the Romans aimed towards realism. They would often make sculpturs of powerful or famous people.

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